The structures of plants and how they function are important fields in plant science. Scientists examine the role of environmental factors in plant functioning, and how these factors affect food production, the diversity of plant species, or the spread of plant diseases. In this book, readers will read some of the research currently being done by scientists in the field of plant anatomy and physiology.

CONTENTS: Hormonal Regulation of Plant Growth and Development; Unused Natural Variation Can Lift Yield Barriers in Plant Breeding; Diversifying Selection in Plant Breeding; Seed Dispersal and Spatial Pattern in Tropical Trees; Cold- and Light-Induced Changes in the Transcriptome of Wheat Leading to Phase Transition From Vegetative to Reproductive Growth; Medicago truncatula and Glomus intraradices Gene Expression in Cortical Cells Harboring Arbuscules in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis; The Arabidopsis thaliana Response Regulator ARR22 is a Putative AHP Phospho-Histidine Phosphatase Expressed in the Chalaza of Developing Seeds; The Circadian Clock Regulates Auxin Signaling and Responses in Arabidopsis; Invasive Plant Suppresses the Growth of Native Tree Seedlings by Disrupting Belowground Mutualisms; Functional Adaptation of a Plant Receptor- Kinase Paved the Way for the Evolution of Intracellular Root Symbioses with Bacteria; Odorant-Binding Proteins OBP57d and OBP57e Affect Taste Perception and Host-Plant Preference in Drosophila sechellia; Relaxed Molecular Clock Provides Evidence for Long-Distance Dispersal of Nothofagus (Southern Beech); The Making of a Compound Inflorescence in Tomato and Related Nightshades; Are Autumn Foliage Colors Red Signals to Aphids?; A Gradual Process of Recombination Restriction in the Evolutionary History of the Sex Chromosomes in Dioecious Plants; Index

Ethnobotany is the study of how people of a particular culture and region make of use of indigenous plants. Ethnobotanists explore how plants are used for such things as food, shelter, medicine, clothing, hunting, and religious ceremonies. Ethnobotanists are usually botanists and/or biologists with additional training in such areas as archaeology, chemistry, ecology, anthropology, linguistics, history, pharmacology, sociology, religion and mythology.With such broad training, Ethnobotanists raise many interesting questions quite different in scope from those of previous generations of scientists trained in botany alone. This wide-ranging vision is reflected in the cutting-edge research contained in this book's chapters.

CONTENTS: Recent Origin and Cultural Reversion of a Hunter–Gatherer Group; Medicinal Plants Used by Tibetans in Shangri-la, Yunnan, China; Crop Changes From the XVI Century to the Present in a Hill/Mountain Area of Eastern Liguria (Italy); Valorizing the 'Irulas' Traditional Knowledge of Medicinal Plants in the Kodiakkarai Reserve Forest, India; Naming a Phantom – The Quest to Find the Identity of Ulluchu, an Unidentified Ceremonial Plant of the Moche Culture in Northern Peru; Extending the Temporal Context of Ethnobotanical Databases:The Case Study of the Campania Region (Southern Italy); Arginine, Scurvy and Cartier's "Tree of Life"; Shadows of the Colonial Past – Diverging Plant Use in Northern Peru and Southern Ecuador; Ethnobotany in the Nepal Himalaya; The Plants, Rituals and Spells That 'Cured' Helminthiasis in Sicily; Wild Leafy Vegetables:A Study of Their Subsistence Dietetic Support to the Inhabitants of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, India; Traditional Knowledge of Wild Edible Plants Used in Palestine (Northern West Bank):A Comparative Study; Uses of Medicinal Plants by Haitian Immigrants and Their Descendants in the Province of Camagüey, Cuba; Index

Biostatistics applies statistical techniques to a wide range of topics in biology. It encompasses the design of biological experiments, especially in medicine and agriculture; the collection, summarization, and analysis of data from those experiments; and the interpretation of, and inference from, the results. Biostatistics is a useful course of study for today's science student, since it is used in many sectors, including public health, medical research, genetic studies, agriculture and animal breeding, and ecology.

CONTENTS: Statistics of Knots, Geometry of Conformations, and Evolution of Proteins; Polymorphism Data Can Reveal the Origin of Species Abundance Statistics; What a Plant Sounds Like:The Statistics of Vegetation Echoes as Received by Echolocating Bats; Spike Correlations in a Songbird:Agree with a Simple Markov Population Model; Modeling and Inferring Cleavage Patterns in Proliferating Epithelia; On Modeling HIV and T Cells In Vivo:Assessing Causal Estimators in Vaccine Trials; Predicting Functional Gene Links from Phylogenetic-Statistical Analyses of Whole Genomes; A Probabilistic Model of Local Sequence Alignment That Simplifies Statistical Significance Estimation; Bioinformatics for Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing of Microbial Communities; Bottleneck Genes and Community Structure in the Cell Cycle Network of S. pombe; Gamma Oscillations of Spiking Neural Populations Enhance Signal Discrimination; Robustness, Dissipations and Coherence of the Oscillation of Circadian Clock:Potential Landscape and Flux Perspectives; In Silico Detection of Sequence Variations Modifying Transcriptional Regulation; Index